Latin AmericaBelize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras. it is generally understood that Latin America consists of the entire continent of South America, in addition to Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean islands, whose inhabitants speak a Romance language. The peoples of this large area shared the experience of conquest and colonization by Spaniards and Portuguese from the end of the 15th to the 18th century, as well as the independence movements of Spain and Portugal in the early 19th century. This is an alphabetically ordered list of countries in Latin America.
See also Central America; North America; South America; West Indies (the Caribbean); Latin American art; Latin American architecture; Latin American dance; Latin American economic system; Latin American literature; Latin American music. Mexico is the largest and most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world, with a total population of approximately 129 million people and a total area of 1,943,950 m2.Km, which also makes it the second largest country in Latin America. Mexico is a federal state similar to the U.S. UU.
In fact, its official name is United Mexican States. The country has 31 states in total, plus the capital, Mexico City. Mexico has a rich history and culture, including ancient civilizations such as those of the Aztecs and the Maya. The ruins of ancient sites such as Chichén Itzá, Palenque and Teotihuacán are popular tourist attractions today.
In fact, Mexico has become a mecca for tourists, many of whom flock to the country's tourist cities, including Cancun, Puerto Vallarta and Acapulco. In addition to tourism, Mexico's main economic activities include manufacturing and exporting oil and gas. Mexico is a country of very rich people and very poor people. In fact, the country has the second highest degree of socio-economic disparity among the 34 countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
The people of Mexico are a mixture of many cultures, including the pre-Columbian indigenous people and the descendants of Spanish settlers. Many Mexicans, especially in southern Mexico, still speak indigenous languages. There is a great division in the country between those with colonial heritage and those with indigenous heritage. The southern part of Mexico, where most people are of indigenous heritage, is significantly poorer and less developed than the north.
All but one of these countries, Belize, have Spanish as their official language. Guatemala is the most populous country in Central America, with a population of around 17.9 million, while Belize is the least populated, with approximately 397,000 people. Unfortunately, the region has earned a reputation for violence and poverty. The situation is particularly serious in what is known as the Northern Triangle of Central America, which consists of El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras.
In recent years, an average of around 265,000 people a year have left the region to escape the seemingly endless cycle of violence and poverty. Many try to reach the U.S. There are a total of 13 countries in the Caribbean. The most populous country in the Caribbean is Haiti, where about 11.4 million people live.
Not far behind is Cuba, which has a population of 11.3 million. Cuba is also the largest country in the Caribbean, with an area of 106,440 square meters. The total population of the Caribbean nears 44 million. Most Caribbean people speak Romance languages.
Spanish is spoken in the countries of Cuba, the Dominican Republic and the United States. French is the dominant language in Haiti, as well as in several overseas territories of France that are in the Caribbean. English and Dutch are spoken in the rest of the Caribbean countries and territories. Another language known as Creole, which is a mixture of European languages and languages of African descent, is spoken throughout the Caribbean and has several dialects.
In economic terms, the Caribbean is best known for its tourism sector, although not exclusively. The Bahamas, for example, has a strong financial services sector. Jamaica's economy relies heavily on remittances from Jamaicans living abroad, and the countries of Cuba and the Dominican Republic are still famous for their cigars. Spanish is the official language in all the countries mentioned, except in three, Brazil, Guyana and Suriname.
Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, while French is the official language of the French overseas territory known as French Guiana. English and Dutch are the official languages of Guyana and Suriname, respectively. The Malvinas Islands, which geographically form part of South America, are a British overseas territory, so English is the official language there. In addition to the Spanish and Portuguese spoken by the vast majority of South Americans, millions of people in South America also speak indigenous languages.
One of these languages is Quechua, which is spoken by those of Inca descent. The Inca Empire, which existed in parts of present-day Peru, Bolivia and Chile, was possibly the largest pre-Columbian civilization in South America, known for building famous monuments such as Machu Picchu. Indigenous people continue to number millions in South America. The rest of the continent's population is of European, African, Asian or mixed descent.
In total, there are more than 433 million people living in South America. Brazil is the largest and most populous country in both South America and Latin America as a whole. It has a population of approximately 212 million and a total area of 8,358,140 m2.Brazil also has the largest economy in both South America and Latin America. In fact, the country has the ninth largest economy in the world.
In the 19th century, several Latin American countries sought immigrants from Europe and Asia. There are many Indians in Mexico, Central America and in the Andean countries of South America (Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia). Companies gained influence over governments and ruling elites in these countries by dominating their economies and paying bribes, and exploited local workers. Latin Americans are sensitive on this point, and tourists who use tropical helmets in temperate cities such as Lima, Peru, will find reservations.
The COVID-19 pandemic proved to be a political challenge for many unstable Latin American democracies, and academics identified a decline in civil liberties as a result of opportunistic emergency powers. It is one of the most stable countries in Central America, mainly because it has been able to capitalize on its rich topography for its ecotourism industry. Compared to other developing regions, Latin America then had the highest level of educational inequality, which is undoubtedly a contributing factor to its current high overall inequality. In some countries, illiteracy reaches 75 percent, while in others most people can read and write.
The Spanish and Portuguese colonization of the Western Hemisphere laid the foundations of societies that are now considered characteristics of Latin America. Because gender and location inequality is almost universal, race and ethnicity play a broader and more integral role in discriminatory practices in Latin America. Above all, these twenty countries are strongly nationalist and do not consider themselves Latin American at all, but as Mexicans, Peruvians, Cubans, Costa Ricans, etc. The rest of Latin America, including Mexico, Northern Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras) and Central South America (Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Paraguay), are dominated by mestizos, but they also have large white and indigenous minorities.
Previously, Poinsett had traveled extensively in Latin America and had signed a trade agreement with independent Argentina. With the disintegration of the Soviet bloc in the late eighties and early nineties, including the Soviet Union itself, Latin America sought to find new solutions to long-standing problems. For Britain, its commercial interests were eager to seize the opportunity to trade with newly independent Latin America. The concept and term were created in the 19th century, after the political independence of the countries of the Spanish and Portuguese empires.
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